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Publications on Fisheries Enhancement Authored by SCORE Scientists

Responsible approach to stock enhancement

'Responsible Approach' Concept

SCORE logo  Lorenzen, K., K. M. Leber and H. L. Blankenship. 2010. Responsible approach to marine stock enhancement: An update. Reviews in Fisheries Science 18(2):189-210. pdf file >>read now...

NEW Sass, G. G., and M. S. Allen, editors. 2014. Foundations of Fisheries Science. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. [The original 'Responsible Approach' (Blankenship & Leber, 1995) is reprinted here in entirety] Note: this book documents advancement of marine fisheries enhancement into the mainstream of fisheries science]  pdf file >>read front matter now...

Blankenship, H. L. and K. M. Leber. 1995. A responsible approach to marine stock enhancement. In Uses and effects of cultured fishes in aquatic ecosystems. American Fisheries Society Symposium 15:165-175. pdf file  >>read now...

Short Synopsis of the 'Responsible Approach' Concept...


Application of the Responsible Approach

Leber, K.M., C.-S. Lee, N. P. Brennan, S. M. Arce, C. Tamaru, L. Blankenship and R. T. Nishimoto. 2016. Stock enhancement of Mugilidae in Hawaii (USA). pp. 467-486 In: Crosetti, D. and S.J.M. Blaber (Eds). Biology, ecology and culture of grey mullets (Mugilidae). CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  NEWJesse T. Trushenski, H. Lee Blankenship, James D. Bowker, Thomas A. Flagg, Jay A. Hesse, Kenneth M. Leber, Don D. MacKinlay, Desmond J. Maynard, Christine M. Moffitt, Vincent A. Mudrak, Kim T. Scribner, Scott F. Stuewe, John A. Sweka, Gary E. Whelan & Connie Young-Dubovsky. 2015. Introduction to a Special Section: Hatcheries and Management of Aquatic Resources (HaMAR)—Considerations for Use of Hatcheries and Hatchery-Origin Fish, North American Journal of Aquaculture, 77(3):327-342.  pdf file >>read now...

SCORE logo  NEW Trushenski, J., L. Blankenship, J. Bowker, T. Flagg, J. Hesse, K. Leber, K. Lorenzen, and 9 additional co-authors. 2014. AFS completes assessment, issues new guidance regarding hatchery operation and the use of hatchey-origin fish. Fisheries 39(11): 543-547.  pdf file >>read now...

SCORE logo  Leber, K.M. 2013. Marine fisheries enhancement: Coming of age in the new millennium. pp. 1139-1157 In: Paul Christou et al. (eds). Sustainable Food Production. Springer Science, New York.       (Originally published In: Robert A. Meyers (ed). 2012. Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer Science. 20 pages.)  pdf file >>read now...

SCORE logo  Kai Lorenzen, Ann-Lisbeth Agnalt, H. Lee Blankenship, Anson H. Hines, Kenneth M. Leber, Neil R. Loneragan, & Matthew D. Taylor. 2013. Evolving Context and Maturing Science: Aquaculture-Based Enhancement and Restoration Enter the Marine Fisheries Management Toolbox. Reviews in Fisheries Science 21(3-4):213-221.  pdf file >>read now...

Bell, J.D., D.M. Bartley, K. Lorenzen and N.R. Loneragan. 2006. Restocking and stock enhancement of coastal fisheries: Potential, problems and progress. Fisheries Research. 80: 1-8. pdf file >>read now...

Bell, J.D., K.M. Leber, H.L. Blankenship, N.R. Loneragan and R. Masuda. 2008. A new era for restocking, stock enhancement and sea ranching of coastal fisheries resources. Reviews in Fisheries Science 16: 1-8. pdf file  >>read now...

Lorenzen, K. 2008. Understanding and managing enhancement fisheries systems. Reviews in Fisheries Science 16: 10-23. pdf file  >>read now...

Stock enhancement books and symposium proceedings

SCORE logo  Kai Lorenzen, Ann-Lisbeth Agnalt, H. Lee Blankenship, Anson H. Hines, Kenneth M. Leber, Neil R. Loneragan, & Matthew D. Taylor (Editors). 2013. Evolving Context and Maturing Science: Aquaculture-Based Enhancement and Restoration Enter the Marine Fisheries Management Toolbox. Reviews in Fisheries Science, Volume 21 Issue 3-4. (This issue contains the Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching). View on-line abstracts...

Johann D. Bell, Kenneth M. Leber, H. Lee Blankenship, Neil R. Loneragan, Reiji Masuda and Geraldine Vander Haegen (Editors). 2008. A New Era for Restocking, Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching of Coastal Fisheries Resources. Reviews in Fisheries Science, Volume 16 Issue 1-3. (This issue contains the Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching). View on-line abstracts...

Leber, K. M., S. Kitada, H.L. Blankenship and T. Svåsand. 2004. Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching: Developments, Pitfalls and Opportunities. 2nd Edition. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford. 562 pp. (Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching). Preview at Wiley's web site for the book

Bartley, D.M. and K.M. Leber, Editors. 2004. Case Studies of the Effectiveness of Stocking Aqucultured Fishes and Invertebrates to Replenish and Enhance Coastal Fisheries. Fishery Technical Paper No. 429. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy. 213 pp. View electronic version...

Nakamura, Y., J.P. McVey, K. Leber, C. Neidig, S. Fox, and K. Churchill, (eds.). 2003. Ecology of Aquaculture Species and Enhancement of Stocks. Proceedings of the Thirtieth U.S. - Japan Meeting on Aquaculture. Sarasota, Florida, 3-4 December. UJNR Technical Report No. 30. Sarasota, FL: Mote Marine Laboratory. pdf file >>read now...

Population Dynamics and Quantitative Assessment

Hervas, S. K., S. K. Lorenzen, M. A. Shane, and M. A. Drawbridge. 2010. Quantitative assess¬ment of a white seabass Atractoscion nobilis stock enhancement program in California: Post-release dispersal, growth and survival. Fisheries Research 105; 237-243. pdf file >>read now...

Lorenzen, K. 2006. Population management in fisheries enhancement: gaining key information from release experiments through use of a size-dependent mortality model. Fisheries Research 80: 19-27. pdf file >>read now...

Medley, P.A.H. and Lorenzen, K. 2006. EnhanceFish: A decision support tool for aquaculture-based fisheries enhancement. Imperial College/DFID. >> read more

Lorenzen, K. 2005. Population dynamics and potential of fisheries stock enhancement: practical theory for assessment and policy analysis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 360: 171-189. pdf file >>read now...

Lorenzen, K. 1995. Population dynamics and management of culture-based fisheries. Fisheries Management and Ecology 2: 61-73. pdf file >>read now...

Stakeholder effects on enhancement outcome

Garaway, C.J., Arthur, R.I., Chamsingh, B., Homekingkeo, P., Lorenzen, K., Saengvilaikham, B. and Sidavong, K. 2006. A social science perspective on stock enhancement outcomes: lessons learned from inland fisheries in southern Lao PDR. Fisheries Research 80: 37-45. pdf file >>read now...

Identifying released hatchery fish

SCORE logo  Wagner, Jonathan P., Reginald B. Blaylock & Mark S. Peterson. 2013. Evaluation of Internal Tag Performance in Hatchery-Reared Juvenile Spotted Seatrout. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 33:783-789.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Leber, K. M. and H. L. Blankenship. 2011. How Advances in Tagging Technology Improved Progress in a New Science: Marine Stock Enhancement. American Fisheries Society Symposium 76:1-12. pdf file >>read now...

Brennan, N. P., K. M. Leber and B. R. Blackburn. 2007. Use of coded-wire and visible implant elastomer tags for marine stock enhancement with juvenile red snapper Lutjanus campechanus. Fisheries Research 83:90-97. pdf file >>read now...

SCORE logo  Brennan, N. P., K. M. Leber, H. L. Blankenship, J. M. Ransier, R. DeBruler, Jr. 2005. An evaluation of coded wire and elastomer tag performance in juvenile common snook under field and laboratory conditions. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 25:437-445.  pdf file  >>read now...

Tringali, M.D. 2006. A Bayesian approach for the genetic tracking of cultured and released individuals. Fisheries Research 77:159–172.  pdf file  >>read now...

Release magnitude effects on growth and survival

Tatara, C.P. and B.A. Berejikian. 2012. Mechanisms influencing competition between hatchery and wild juvenile anadromous Pacific salmonids in fresh water and their relative competitive abilities. Environmental Biology of Fishes 94:7-19.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Brennan, N.P., C.J. Walters and K.M. Leber. 2008. Manipulations of stocking magnitude: Addressing density dependence in a juvenile cohort of common snook (Centropomus undecimalis). Reviews in Fisheries Science 16:228-241.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Fairchild, E.A. and W.H. Howell. 2001. Optimal stocking density for juvenile winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 32(3): 300-308.

Leber, K. M., N. P. Brennan, and S. M. Arce. 1995. Marine enhancement with striped mullet: are hatchery releases replenishing or displacing wild stocks? In Uses and effects of cultured fishes in aquatic ecosystems. American Fisheries Society Symposium 15:376-387.  pdf file  >>read now...

Release contribution to spawning stocks, offspring & fisheries

Edward V. Camp, Kai Lorenzen, Robert N.M. Ahrens, Luiz Barbieri & Kenneth M. Leber. 2013. Potentials and limitations of stock enhancement in marine recreational fisheries systems: An integrative review of Florida's red drum enhancement. Reviews in Fisheries Science 21(3-4):388-402.  pdf file  >>read now...

Berejikian, Barry A., Thom Johnson, Richard S. Endicott and Joy Lee-Waltermire. 2008. Increases in steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) redd abundance resulting from two conservation hatchery strategies in the Hamma Hamma River, Washington. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 65:754-764.  pdf file  >>read now...

Leber, K. M. and S. M. Arce. 1996. Stock enhancement effect in a commercial mullet Mugil cephalus fishery in Hawaii. Fisheries Management and Ecology 3:261-278. pdf file  >>read now...

Cost effectiveness of release strategies

SCORE logo  Tringali, M., K.M. Leber, W.G. Halstead, R. McMichael, J. O'Hop, B. Winner, R. Cody, C. Young, C.N. Neidig, H. Wolfe, A. Forstchen, and L. Barbieri. 2008. Marine stock enhancement in Florida: A multi-disciplinary, stakeholder-supported, accountability-based approach. Reviews in Fisheries Science 16:51-57.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Leber, K. M., R. N. Cantrell and P.S. Leung. 2005. Optimizing cost effectiveness of size at release in stock enhancement programs. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 25:1596-1608. pdf file  >>read now...

Size-at-release effects on survival

Lorenzen, K. 2000. Allometry of natural mortality as a basis for assessing optimal release size in fish stocking programmes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57: 2374-2381. pdf file >>read now...

Leber, K. M., S. M. Arce, D. A. Sterritt, and N. P. Brennan. 1996. Marine stock-enhancement potential in nursery habitats of striped mullet, Mugil cephalus, in Hawaii. Fishery Bulletin 94(3):452-471.  pdf file  >>read now...

Leber, K. M. 1995. Significance of fish size-at-release on enhancement of striped mullet fisheries in Hawaii. Journal World Aquaculture Society 26(2):143-153.  pdf file  >>read now...

Willis, S.A., W.W. Falls, C.W. Dennis, D.E. Roberts, and P.G. Whitchurch. 1995. Assessment of season of release and size at release on recapture rates of hatchery-reared red drum. American Fisheries Society Symposium 15:354-365.  pdf file  >>read now...

Release habitat and microhabitat effects

SCORE logo  Fairchild, E.A., J. Fleck. and W.H. Howell. 2005. Determining an optimal release site for juvenile winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum) in the Great Bay Estuary. NH. USA. Aquaculture Research 36:1374-1383.  pdf file  >>read now...

Leber, K. M., N. P. Brennan and S. M. Arce. 1998. Recruitment patterns of juvenile, cultured Pacific threadfin, Polydactylus sexfilis (Polynemidae), released along sandy marine shores in Hawaii. Bulletin of Marine Science 62(2):389-408.  pdf file  >>read now...

Release season effects on survival

Leber, K. M., H. L. Blankenship, S. M. Arce, and N. P. Brennan. 1997. Influence of release season on size-dependent survival of cultured striped mullet, Mugil cephalus, in a Hawaiian estuary. Fishery Bulletin, 95(2):267-279.  pdf file  >>read now...

Acclimation effects on behavior and survival

SCORE logo  NEW Jackson, Lauren A., Chet F. Rakocinski & Reginald B. Blaylock. 2014 . Previous exposure to novel prey improves the feeding success of hatchery-reared spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier, 1830) within habitat structure. Aquaculture Research. DOI: 10.1111/are.12438. Published online 2 April 2014.
. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Walsh, M. L. and E. A. Fairchild. 2013. A global perspective on conditioning flatfish for stock enhancement. Global Aquaculture Advocate, November/December 48-49.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo Fairchild, E.A., J.A. Sulikowski, N. Rennels, W.H. Howell, and P.C.W. Tsang. 2010. Effects of moving acclimation cages prior to release of cultured fish: alternate release strategies for a juvenile winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus stock enhancement effort. Aquaculture Research 41: 602-606.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Lee, J.S.F., and B.A. Berejikian. 2009. Structural complexity in relation to the habitat preferences, territoriality, and hatchery rearing of juvenile China rockfish (Sebastes nebulosus). Environ. Biol. Fish. 84:411-419. DOI 10.1007/s10641-009-9450-2.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Lee, J.S.F., and B.A. Berejikian. 2008. Effects of the rearing environment on average behavior and behavioral variation in steelhead. J. Fish Biol. 72:1736-1749.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Fairchild, E.A., N. Rennels and W.H. Howell. 2008. Predators are attracted to acclimation cages used for winter flounder stock enhancement. Reviews in Fisheries Science 16:262-168.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Brennan, N. P., M. C. Darcy and K. M. Leber. 2006. Predator-free enclosures improve post-release survival of stocked common snook. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 335(2): 302-311.  pdf file  >>read now...

Behavior of hatchery fish

SCORE logo  Jackson, L. A. , C. F. Rakocinski and R. B. Blaylock. 2013. Feeding performance of juvenile hatchery-reared spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus. Journal of Fish Biology 82:1032-1046. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Lee, J.S.F., B. Berejikian, M.B. Rust, K. Massee, T. Wright, K. Brakensiek, S. Steltzner and H.L. Blankenship. 2011. Movements of hatchery-reared lingcod released on rocky reefs in Puget Sound. Env. Biol. Fish. 92:437-445.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Lee, J.S.F. and B. Berejikian. 2008. Stability of behavioural syndromes but plasticity in individual behaviour: consequences for rockfish stock enhancement. Env. Biol. Fish. 72:1736-1749.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Fairchild, E. A. and W. H. Howell. 2004. Factors affecting the post-release survival of cultured juvenile Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Journal of Fish Biology 65 (Supplement A):69-87.  pdf file  >>read now...

Ecology and life-history

Lee, Jonathan S. F., Eugene P. Tezak, and Barry A. Berejikian. 2013. Ontogenetic Changes in Dispersal and Habitat Use in Hatchery-Reared Lingcod. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 21(3–4):267–275.  pdf file  >>read now...

Mathew D. Taylor, Nathan P. Brennan, Kai Lorenzen & Kenneth M. Leber. 2013. Generalized predatory impact model: A numerical approach for assessing trophic limits to hatchery releases and controlling related ecological risks. Reviews in Fisheries Science 21(3-4):341-353.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Elizabeth A. Fairchild, James Sulikowski, Nathan Rennels, W. Huntting Howell and Christopher W.D. Gurshin. 2008. Distribution of winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, in the Hampton-Seabrook estuary, New Hampshire: Observations from a field study. Estuaries and Coasts. Vol 31:1158-1173.  pdf file  >>read now...

Fairchild, E.A., N. Rennels and W.H. Howell. 2009. Using telemetry to monitor movements and habitat use of cultured and wild juvenile winter flounder in a shallow estuary. (J.L. Nielsen et al. eds.) Reviews: Methods and Technologies in Fish Biology and Fisheries 9: 5-22.

Fairchild, E.A. and W.H. Howell. 2000. Predator-prey size relationship between Pseudopleuronectes americanus and Carcinus maenas.  Journal of Sea Research 44: 81-90.

Release-transport stress effects

SCORE logo  Sulikowski, J. A., E. A. Fairchild, N. Rennels, W. H. Howell, P. CW. Tsang. 2006. The Effects of Transport Density on Cortisol Levels in Juvenile Winter Flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 37 (1):107-112      pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Sulikowski, J. A., E. A. Fairchild, N. Rennels, W. H. Howell and P. CW. Tsang. 2005. The effects of tagging and transport on stress in juvenile winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus: implications for successful stock enhancement. Journal World Aquaculture Society 36: 148-156.  pdf file  >>read now...

Conserving genetics of wild stocks

Lorenzen, K., M.C.M. Beveridge and M. Mangel. 2012. Cultured fish: Integrative biology and management of domestication and interactions with wild fish. Biological Reviews 87:639-660.  pdf file  >>read now...

Gruenthal, K.M. and M.A. Drawbridge. 2012. Towards responsible stock enhancement: broadcast spawning dynamics and adaptive genetic management in white seabass aquaculture. Evolutionary Applications 5:405-417.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Tringali, M. D., T. M. Bert, F. Cross, J. W. Dodrill, L . M. Gregg, W. G. Halstead, R. A. Krause, K. M. Leber, K. Mesner, W. Porak, D. Roberts, R. Stout and D. Yeager. 2007. Genetic Policy for the Release of Finfishes in Florida. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute Publication No. IHR-2007-001.        pdf file  >>read now...

LeClair, L. L., S. F. Young and J. B. Shaklee, 2006.  Allozyme and
microsatellite DNA analysis of lingcod from Puget Sound, Washington and
adjoining waters.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 135:1631-1643.

Tringali, M.D. and K. M. Leber. 1999. Genetic considerations during the experimental and expanded phases of snook stock enhancement. Bull. National Research Institute Aquaculture (Japan) Suppl. 1:109-119.  pdf file  >>read now...

Aquaculture technology development

SCORE logo  NEW Hauville, Marion R., Nicole R. Rhody, Matthew J. Resley, J. Gordon Bell, Kevan L. Main, and Herve Migaud. 2015. Comparative study of lipids and fatty acids in the liver, muscle, and eggs of wild and captive common snook broodstock. Aquaculture 446:227-235. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  NEW Resley, Matthew J., Michael Nystrom, Carlos Yanes-Roca, Kenneth M. Leber and Kevan L. Main. 2014. Controlled maturation and spawning of captive black snook. World Aquaculture September 2014:29-34. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  NEW Hauville, Marion R., Kevan L. Main, Herve Migaud and J. Gordon Bell. 2014. Fatty acid utilization during the early larval stages of Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) and common snook Centropomus undecimalis. Aquaculture Research 2014:1-16. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  NEW Rhody, Nicole R., Cecilia Puchulutegui, John B. Taggart, Kevan L. Main, Herve Migaud. 2014. Parental contribution and spawning performance in captive common snook Centropomus undecimalis broodstock . Aquaculture 432:144-153. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Barón-Aguilar, Claudia C, Nicole R Rhody, Nathan P Brennan, and Kevan L Main, Ernst B Peebles & Frank E Muller-Karger. 2013. Influence of temperature on yolk resorption in common snook Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792) larvae. Aquaculture Research. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Yanes-Roca, C., N.R. Rhody, M. Nystrom, M.L. Wittenrich, and K.L. Main. 2012. Embryonic and early larval rearing development in hatchery-reared common snook. North American Journal of Aquaculture, published online Sept 26, 2012. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Yanes-Roca, C. and K.L. Main. 2012. Improving larval culture and rearing techniques. Book Chapter (10) 187-216p  in “Aquaculture”, edited by InTech Open access editorial. 2012. ISN # 978-953-307-974-5. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  N.R. Rhody, N.R., N.A. Nassif, and K.L. Main. 2010. Effects of salinity on growth and survival of common snook Centropomus undecimalis (Block, 1972) larvae. Aquaculture Research 41:357-360. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Wittenrich, M.L., N.R. Rhody, R.G. Turingan and K.L. Main. 2009. Coupling osteological development of the feeding apparatus with feeding performance in larvae of common snook, Centropomus undecimalis: identifying morphological constraints to feeding. Aquaculture 294:221-297. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo Walsh, M.L., E.A. Fairchild, N. Rennels, S.C. Farina, W.H. Howell, R. Mercaldo-Allen, and C. Kuropat. 2009. Rearing diets for winter flounder optimize weaning success in hatchery, wild. Global Aquaculture Advocate. May/June. 58-60. pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Yanes-Roca, C., N. Rhody, M. Nystrom and K.L. Main. 2009. Effects of fatty acid composition and spawning season patterns on egg quality and larval survival in common snook (Centropomus undecimalis). Aquaculture 287(3-4):335-340.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  R.B. Johnson, R.B., M.A. Cook, P.M. Nicklason and M.B. Rust. 2009. Determination of apparent protein digestibility of live Artemia and a microparticulate diet in 8-week-old Atlantic cod Gadus morhua larvae. Aquaculture. 288: 290-298.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Cook, M.A., R.B. Johnson, P. Nicklason, H. Barnett and M.B. Rust. 2008. Marking Live Feeds With Inert Metal Oxides for Fish Larvae Feeding and Nutrition Studies. Aquaculture Research. 39: 347-353.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Fairchild, E.A., N. Rennels, W.H. Howell and R.E. Wells. 2007. Gonadal development anddifferentiation in cultured juvenile winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 38(1): 114-121.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  M. A. Cook, K. M. Guthrie, M. B. Rust, and P. D. Plesha. 2005. Effects of salinity and temperature during incubation on hatching and development of lingcod, Ophiodon elongatus Girard, embryos.  Aquaculture Research 36:1298-1303.

SCORE logo  Cook, M. A., R. B. Johnson, and M. B. Rust. 2005. Development of method for determining consumption in marine fish larvae. European Aquaculture Society, Special Publication No. 36, Oostende, Belgium.

SCORE logo  Rust, M. B, K. C. Massee, P. Plesha, T. M. Scott, N. Ashton, L. Britt. M. A. Cook, K. Guthrie,and R. Campbell . 2004. Aquaculture of Lingcod. Amercian Fisheries Society Symposium 00:000-000.

SCORE logo  Cook, M. A. and M. B. Rust. 2002. The effect of light intensity on development and hatchery success of lingcod, Ophiodon elongatus (Girard), eggs. Aquaculture Research 33:1-6.

Neidig, C.L., D.P. Skapura, H.J. Grier and C.W. Dennis. 2000. Techniques for spawning common snook: broodstock handling, oocyte staging, and egg quality. North American Journal of Aquaculture 62:103-113.

King, N., W.H. Howell, and E. Fairchild. 1998. The effect of stocking density on the growth of juvenile summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus. UJNR Tech. Rep. No. 26.:173-180

Stock enhancement research and development needs

SCORE logo  Leber, K. M. 2004. Marine Stock Enhancement in the USA: Status, trends and needs. Pp 11-24 In Leber, K.M., S. Kitada, T. Svåsand and H.L. Blankenship (eds) Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching: Developments, Pitfalls and Opportunities. 2nd Edition. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. 562 pp.  pdf file  >>read now...

SCORE logo  Leber, K. M. 2002. Advances in marine stock enhancement: shifting emphasis to theory and accountability. Pp 79-90 In Stickney, R. R. and J. P. McVey (eds) Responsible Marine Aquaculture CABI Publishing, New York.  pdf file  >>read now...

Leber, K. M. 1999. Rationale for an Experimental Approach to Stock Enhancement. Pages 63-75 in Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching (Ed. by B.R. Howell, E. Moksness, and T. Svåsand) Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. 606 pages.  pdf file  >>read now...

Stragegic plans for stock enhancement & Guides

SCORE logo  Fairchild, E. A., and N. J. Rennels. 2010. Determining stocking strategies and culturing winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) for enhancement programs. University of New Hampshire, New Hampshire Sea Grant College Program. Manual UNHMP-M-SG-10-23, Durham, 145 pages. pdf file  >>read now...

Blaylock, R. B., Leber, K. M., Lotz, J. M., and D. A. Ziemann. 2000. The U.S. Gulf of Mexico Marine Stock Enhancement Program (USGMSEP): The use of aquaculture technology in "responsible" stock enhancement. Bulletin of the Aquaculture Association of Canada 100(3):16-22. pdf file  >>read now...

Leber, K. M. and W. H. Halstead. 2000. Florida stock enhancement: long range plan for success. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Tallahassee. 7 pp.

Pruder, G.D., D.A. Ziemann, K.M. Leber, J.M. Lotz, W.E. Hawkins and L.D. Conquest. 1999. U.S. Gulf of Mexico marine stock enhancement program: Program management for planning, execution, review and evaluation. Bulletin National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Suppl. 1:89-99. pdf file  >>read now...

Leber, K. M. 1994. Prioritizing Marine Fishes for Stock Enhancement in Hawaii. The Oceanic Institute. Waimanalo, Hawaii. 36 pages. pdf file  >>read now...